Peruvian Congress Declares Chiribaya Dog a National Cultural Heritage

The Peruvian Congress has officially enshrined the ancient Chiribaya dog breed as part of the nation's Cultural Heritage through the enactment of Law No. 32442. This legislative action places the Chiribaya breed alongside the already recognized Peruvian Hairless Dog on the roster of officially protected canine lineages within the country.

This significant decision was heavily influenced by compelling archaeological evidence unearthed by anthropologist Sonia Guillén. Her work in the necropolises of the Ilo district brought to light the mummified remains of approximately 42 dogs. These animals were discovered interred with considerable reverence, placed in close proximity to human burials, a clear indicator of their elevated status within the ancient society.

These remarkable findings originate from the Central Malki area, the primary focus of ongoing research into the Chiribaya culture. The remains date back to the Late Intermediate Period, solidifying the deep historical roots of this canine breed in the region.

The Chiribaya culture, which flourished roughly between 900 and 1350 CE in the arid valleys spanning the Ilo and Moquegua regions, relied heavily on these dogs. It is strongly suggested that the Chiribaya dogs served a crucial pastoral role, primarily tending to herds of llamas and alpacas. This livestock management was fundamental to the economic structure of this coastal civilization.

In contrast to the Peruvian Hairless Dog, which historically functioned as a sighthound, the Chiribaya herding dogs are believed to have been medium-sized animals characterized by a light coat color, a long muzzle, and long fur. This distinction highlights the specialized roles different ancient canine breeds played in Peruvian history.

The passage of Law No. 32442 underscores a renewed national commitment to the study, preservation, and promotion of the Chiribaya breed. Responsibility for executing this mandate has been assigned to the Ministry of Culture, the regional government of Moquegua, and the Municipality of Ilo. The legislative intent is clear: to ensure this venerable lineage is revived and thrives, rather than remaining solely a footnote in history books.

This formal recognition is a vital step in safeguarding Peru's rich biological and cultural tapestry. By protecting the Chiribaya dog, the nation is honoring the traditions of the ancient people who valued these animals so highly, ensuring their legacy endures for future generations.