Russian scientists from three leading institutes, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, have developed unique polymer coatings that effectively eliminate Staphylococcus aureus. According to the ministry, this achievement is attributed to the addition of minimal concentrations of porphyrins—only 0.002%. These compounds exhibit significant bactericidal properties, opening numerous possibilities for material applications across various fields.
The epoxy coatings, modified with porphyrins, have proven resistant to external impacts and chemical agents. Anastasia Tsyklinskaya, a member of the research team, noted that epoxy oligomer-based materials are widely utilized due to their strength and durability. However, such surfaces are prone to bacterial colonization, leading to biofilm formation that damages the coating's structure. The new solution using porphyrins addresses this issue by preventing bacterial attachment and proliferation.
The mechanism behind the coatings involves porphyrins generating reactive oxygen species when exposed to light. These potent oxidizers interact with amino acids, lipids, and polysaccharides, disrupting bacterial membranes. As a result, staphylococcal cells lose their ability to form biofilms, and pathogenic activity is suppressed. This effect not only eradicates infections but also prevents reinfection.
Spectral studies confirmed that the structure of porphyrins within the epoxy-amine matrix remains stable under light irradiation, preserving their photophysical properties. This marks a significant step toward creating durable coatings with antimicrobial effects. Such materials could have applications in medicine, water purification, and the development of bioactive tissues.
Furthermore, researchers emphasize the versatility of the technology. The new approach allows for the creation of coatings with high protective properties without compromising their operational characteristics. Thus, this development has potential for widespread use in both industrial and household sectors.
The work was carried out by scientists from the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MIREA-Russian Technological University, and the G.F. Gauze Institute of New Materials. The research results were published in the prestigious international journal Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, underscoring the high level of research conducted and its significance for global science.