X4.2 flare @ N15°E5° (NOAA 4366) 2026-02-04 12:02 / 12:13 \ 12:18 UT
X4.2 级太阳耀斑在 N15°E5° 坐标(NOAA 4366)2026-02-04 12:02 / 12:13 \ 12:18 UT
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作者: Uliana Soloveva
X4.2 flare @ N15°E5° (NOAA 4366) 2026-02-04 12:02 / 12:13 \ 12:18 UT
X4.2 级太阳耀斑在 N15°E5° 坐标(NOAA 4366)2026-02-04 12:02 / 12:13 \ 12:18 UT
2026年2月4日,太阳活跃区4366再次向地球展示了其惊人的破坏潜力。在UTC时间12:13,该区域爆发了一次极具地磁效应的强耀斑,其强度被精确分类为X4.21级(通常简称为X4.2)。这次爆发不仅是2025至2026年度强度排名第三的太阳事件,更是该活跃区进入地球直射影响范围后,首次释放出的最高级别极端耀斑。此次爆发已对地球产生实质性影响,导致非洲和欧洲部分地区的短波无线电通讯出现了明显的干扰与中断。
We have impact! This could be the CME from the 8.1 X-Flare, but it appears more likely to be a stealthy CME based off it's low velocity of ~450 km/s. The solar wind magnetic field (Bt) is 20 nT with a negative Bz polarity, meaning the conditions are good for G2-G3 activity (if
已记录到日冕物质抛射(CME),但根据其低速(约450 km/s),更可能这是来自 X8.1 级耀斑的隐藏 CME。
活跃区4366的物理规模已达到令人咋舌的程度,其覆盖范围超过了15个地球直径。这种庞大的结构为其频繁的能量释放提供了物质基础。仅在2月4日这一天,太阳观测站就记录到了惊人的20次耀斑爆发,其中包括:
An impulsive X4.2 flare occurred at 04/1213 UTC from Region 4366. No CME signatures have been identified in imagery at this time. Stay tuned for updates.
在 04.12.13 UTC 的区域 4366 发生了一次冲击性 X4.2 级耀斑。目前图像中未检测到日冕物质抬升的迹象。请关注更新。
这种爆发频率的显著提升,标志着该活跃区已进入极度不稳定的活跃阶段,从最初的潜在威胁转变为实质性的能量输出。
虽然在X4.2级耀斑发生的瞬间,传统的观测手段并未捕捉到显著的日冕物质抛射(CME)信号,但后续的多维度数据建模揭示了更为复杂的情况。目前正有一团庞大的等离子体云向地球轨道推进。由于其移动速度维持在450公里/秒左右,科学家判断这并非最新的X4.2级耀斑所致,而更像是一个“隐形日冕物质抛射”,其源头可追溯至2月2日发生的X8.1级超强耀斑。目前的实时监测显示,行星际磁场(Bt)已攀升至20纳特斯拉,且磁场方向(Bz)持续向南偏移,这种负极性配置极易诱发地球磁层的强烈响应。
面对这种复合式的太阳活动打击,预报中心已将地磁暴预警级别设定在G2(中等)至G3(强烈)之间。这种级别的地磁扰动不仅会在高纬度甚至中纬度地区引发绚丽夺目的极光,还可能对现代基础设施产生影响,包括卫星导航信号的漂移以及电网系统的感应电流波动。由于活跃区4366目前仍处于正对地球的“地磁效应窗口期”,科学界正严阵以待,密切关注其是否会再次释放足以改写空间天气记录的巨大能量。
G2 Watch for 31 Mar UTC-day still stands. We evaluated the 29 Mar (EDT) CME and feel fairly certain most ejecta will pass behind Earth's orbit; although we do anticipate enough flanking effects to warrant the G2 Watch, with a chance for G3. Stay aware at spaceweather.gov
REPOST: An X1.4 flare was produced by Region 4405, peaking at 0319 UTC on 30 March and resulted in an R3 (Strong) Radio Blackout. An associated coronal mass ejection is seen in coronagraph imagery and analysis is currently ongoing. Visit spaceweather.gov to stay informed.
G3 (Strong) geomagnetic storming was observed during the 0900-1200 UTC synoptic period on 22 Mar as what is likely high speed stream onset began. Additional periods of G1-G2 storming are expected, along with possibly even another isolated period of G3 levels, in the coming hours.