Discovery of Rare Alkaline Fen in Orne, Home to Protected Orchid Populations

A rare alkaline fen has been confirmed within the grounds of the Suaze estate in the Orne department of France. Unlike the more commonly encountered acidic peat bogs, this specific type of wetland environment fosters unique conditions. These conditions are highly conducive to the flourishing of rich and often protected plant life.

Alkaline fens develop in locales where limestone aquifers are present. The constant saturation of water in these areas facilitates the gradual accumulation of peat material. This discovery highlights the importance of careful land stewardship in preserving overlooked ecological treasures.

The identification of this significant wetland area was made possible through the vigilance of the local landowners, Aline and Olivier Le Grand. Expert assistance in confirming the site’s identity was provided by two key organizations: the Association Faune et Flore de l'Orne (AFFO), which was established in the early 1980s, and the Parc Naturel Régional du Perche (PNPR). The identified fen spans an area measuring 1,300 square meters. It is worth noting that previous owners had partially drained sections of this land.

The ecological value of this finding is substantially elevated by the presence of thriving populations of two officially protected orchid species. These include the Marsh Helleborine (Epipactis palustris) and the Small White Orchid (Anacamptis palustris, or a closely related species). Recent surveys documented approximately 300 specimens of the Marsh Helleborine and 250 individuals of the Small White Orchid, indicating a robust and healthy habitat.

The Marsh Helleborine, in particular, demonstrates a preference for damp, lime-rich environments. Its populations across Europe face considerable threats due to habitat drainage and contamination of groundwater sources by agricultural fertilizers. The presence of such a substantial count here is therefore a significant conservation victory.

To secure the long-term viability of this delicate ecosystem, hydrological restoration work is currently scheduled to take place during the 2025/2026 timeframe. This intervention aims to reverse past damage and stabilize the water table essential for the fen’s survival.

Looking ahead, the estate owners are planning to host educational 'eco-walks' during the European Heritage Days. These events are intended to raise public awareness regarding the critical nature of this specific and valuable biotope, fostering a greater appreciation for local biodiversity.