Antarctic Oasis: Scientists Discover Unexpected Microbial Biodiversity in Larsemann Hills

Scientists discovered a surprisingly diverse microbial ecosystem in the Larsemann Hills, an Antarctic oasis. A total of 2,829 genetically distinct species were identified in soil samples. The research, published on May 21, 2025, reveals previously unknown associations between bacteria and eukaryotes. The study, led by Dr. Dirk Wagner, analyzed soil samples collected near a glacier. Researchers distinguished between intracellular DNA (living organisms) and extracellular DNA (dead organisms). This allowed them to identify both colonizers and locally extinct species preserved in the soils. The microbial composition varied depending on the distance from the glacier. Researchers detected previously unknown associations between bacteria and eukaryotes. These findings suggest that microbial survival in extreme Antarctic habitats may rely on closely linked species consortiums optimizing resource use.