The rate of ice loss from Antarctica has increased significantly since the 1990s, posing a growing threat to coastal populations worldwide. Studies show that ice sheets are currently losing approximately 370 billion tonnes of ice annually, contributing substantially to sea-level rise.
This accelerated melting is primarily attributed to rising global temperatures, with current levels about 1.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Even if warming is limited to 1.5 degrees Celsius, several meters of sea-level rise may still occur, leading to extensive damage to coastal and island communities. It's estimated that around 230 million people live within one meter of sea level, making them particularly vulnerable.
Some researchers suggest that a target closer to 1 degree Celsius is necessary to prevent significant ice sheet losses. While returning to pre-industrial temperatures might eventually allow ice sheets to recover, this process could take centuries. The land lost to sea-level rise due to melting ice sheets may be permanently submerged, underscoring the urgency of addressing climate change and its impact on Antarctica.