A remarkable archaeological discovery has transformed our understanding of ancient civilizations in the Caucasus. An international team of archaeologists has unveiled a monumental fortress, Dmanisis Gora, dating back 3,000 years, nestled in the Georgian mountains. This fortified city showcases an unexpected level of architectural and social sophistication for the Bronze and Iron Ages.
In early 2025, the team, led by Dr. Nathaniel Erb-Satullo from Cranfield University and Dimitri Jachvliani from the Georgian National Museum, utilized a DJI Phantom 4 RTK drone to map the site. The drone captured over 11,000 high-resolution aerial images, achieving positioning accuracy of less than two centimeters. This innovative approach revealed Dmanisis Gora to be 40 times larger than previously estimated, uncovering previously invisible structures.
The aerial images disclosed a monumental fortress strategically situated between two deep gorges. The architecture of Dmanisis Gora reflects remarkable ingenuity for its time, illustrating a complex social organization that blended sedentary and nomadic lifestyles. Archaeological remains suggest multifunctional occupation of the site, with residential areas, livestock spaces, and places of worship, showcasing a harmonious coexistence of various ways of life.
Located at the crossroads of Europe, the Eurasian steppe, and the Middle East, Dmanisis Gora stands as a testament to the resilience of Caucasian civilizations. Unlike the societal collapses observed in other regions around the 12th century BCE, the site reveals remarkable cultural stability. The findings highlight a sophisticated society capable of maintaining its identity while adapting to external influences, with seasonal pastoral migrations likely playing a crucial role in consolidating a flexible and resilient social system.
This exceptional discovery opens new perspectives for understanding the social and cultural dynamics of ancient Eurasia. Researchers plan to deepen their investigations to elucidate further aspects of this ancient civilization. The importance of modern technology in archaeological exploration is underscored, prompting a reevaluation of our understanding of ancient societies and their adaptability to the challenges of their time.
In a separate initiative, Timișoara, Romania, is taking steps to protect its historical architecture. The city, in collaboration with the County Directorate for Culture, is marking significant historical buildings, including the English/Victorian-style Carmen Sylva Pedagogical College and the Lloyd Palace. This initiative aims to preserve these monuments and promote their historical and architectural value. Half of the 62 planned plaques will be installed by the end of February 2025, providing information on their status as historical monuments in multiple languages.
The project includes notable buildings such as the Dome in Union Square, the House with Flowers, and the Szechenyi Society Palace, among others. Timișoara has a total of 97 historical monuments, including 71 individual monuments, 22 ensembles, and 4 sites, highlighting the city's rich architectural heritage.