Dolphins are known for their intelligence and unique behaviors, but a recent study highlights a remarkable collaboration between bottlenose dolphins and fishermen in Laguna, Brazil. This partnership, which has persisted for over a century, showcases the mutual benefits of interspecies cooperation.
The dolphins use sharp whistles to coordinate their movements, helping to herd schools of mullet towards the fishermen's nets. While the fishermen primarily catch the fish, the dolphins also claim their share, demonstrating a fascinating example of synergy between humans and nature.
A study published in PNAS by researchers from Oregon State University revealed that this collaboration increases the survival rate of these dolphins by 13% compared to others of the same species that do not engage in this interaction.
For over 15 years, scientists monitored the dolphins during fishing activities, utilizing drones and underwater microphones to document their behavior. The findings indicated that the dolphins catch more fish when working in sync with the fishermen, emphasizing the mutual benefits of this relationship.
This unique fishing technique has been practiced for at least 140 years and is not genetically encoded but rather a cultural tradition passed down through generations among both species.
However, this interspecies cooperation faces challenges, including declining mullet populations due to industrial overfishing and a lack of interest from younger fishermen in continuing this age-old practice. To preserve this legacy, scientists advocate for the protection of mullet stocks and the promotion of artisanal fishing practices.
Documenting and raising awareness of this relationship may help sustain the tradition, but urgent conservation measures are also necessary to ensure that this unique bond between humans and dolphins endures.