On January 22, 2025, Russia unveiled a groundbreaking quantum computer featuring 50 qubits, with plans for a more advanced 75-qubit model slated for release later in the year. This innovation promises to enhance capabilities in artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and the simulation of chemical and physical processes.
The computer, developed by Rosatom, utilizes an ion-based processor, one of the four primary platforms for quantum computing. Unlike traditional computers that operate on binary bits (0 or 1), quantum computers leverage qubits, which can represent 0, 1, or both states simultaneously. This unique property allows for significantly more complex calculations.
Rosatom has invested over 24 billion rubles (approximately $1.45 trillion) in quantum research over the past four years. Future applications of this technology could include the development of personalized medications and treatments through precise molecular simulations, as well as the creation of artificial intelligence capable of learning and making decisions akin to human cognition.
However, the journey toward supercomputers faces challenges, particularly regarding energy efficiency. These machines consume vast amounts of power, and increasing computational capacity necessitates innovative solutions to prevent unsustainable energy costs. Ruslan Yunusov, co-founder of the Russian Quantum Center, suggested a novel approach inspired by nature: 'If we could enhance trees to absorb metals and incorporate them into their structure, we could create something entirely new. In the future, instead of building houses, we might cultivate them.'