The debate over Medicaid work requirements has resurfaced in 2025, with a draft bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives in February proposing minimum work requirements for certain adults enrolled in Medicaid as a condition of coverage. This has sparked concerns about millions potentially losing coverage.
The proposed legislation targets adults aged 19-64, requiring them to work, volunteer, or participate in educational programs for at least 80 hours per month. Failure to meet these requirements could lead to loss of Medicaid benefits. Exemptions exist for individuals with disabilities, pregnant women, and caregivers, but the specifics can vary by state.
Experts estimate that millions could lose coverage due to these stricter requirements. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has previously estimated that similar proposals could cause millions to become uninsured. Evidence from states like Arkansas, which previously implemented work requirements, showed significant coverage losses without a corresponding increase in employment. The future of these requirements remains uncertain, with legal challenges and varying state approaches adding complexity.