Switzerland is considering a significant shift in its energy policy by proposing legislation to lift the ban on constructing new nuclear power plants. This potential change moves away from the nation's established path of phasing out nuclear energy, a policy solidified by a 2017 referendum and implemented since 2018.
The proposed legislation, presented as a counter-proposal to the "Stop the Blackout" initiative, would allow companies to seek licenses for new reactors, subject to parliamentary approval and potentially a national referendum. Proponents argue that nuclear power is crucial for meeting increased electricity demand, achieving climate targets, and ensuring grid stability, especially when combined with renewable sources. Conversely, critics voice concerns regarding the high costs of new reactors, the complexities of waste disposal, and the potential for public opposition. This debate mirrors broader European discussions on nuclear energy's role in energy security and climate goals, with Germany having completed its nuclear phase-out in April 2023.
Axpo Holdings AG, a major entity in Switzerland's nuclear sector managing approximately 60% of the country's nuclear capacity, has stated it currently has no immediate plans for new construction or investments in such projects. A spokesperson for Axpo indicated that while lifting the ban would enable new plants, companies like Axpo cannot solely bear the regulatory and financial risks, suggesting a need for risk-sharing mechanisms. Axpo is also exploring extending the operational life of its existing Beznau nuclear power station, with significant investments planned for its upkeep. The Swiss government has set a deadline of August 2026 for parliamentary decisions on the proposed legislation and any related initiatives, with the final outcome to be determined through a democratic process, potentially including a public referendum.