Japan is making significant strides in solar energy and carbon reduction technologies, aiming to enhance its renewable energy capacity and contribute to global decarbonization efforts.
Expansion of Solar Energy Capacity
In 2024, Japan's solar power generation market was valued at approximately $3.32 billion, with projections estimating it will reach around $12.21 billion by 2033. This growth is driven by advancements in photovoltaic technologies and supportive government policies. Notably, the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) has introduced a roadmap focusing on improving solar cell efficiency and reducing production costs to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Additionally, Japan has set a target for solar energy to supply up to 16% of its electricity by 2030, reflecting a strong commitment to renewable energy.
Development of Perovskite Solar Cells
Japan is investing in the commercialization of ultra-thin, flexible perovskite solar cells, aiming to challenge China's dominance in renewable energy. These cells are significantly thinner than traditional solar panels and can be deployed on buildings, stadiums, and other structures, making them ideal for Japan's geographical constraints. The Japanese government aims to generate energy equivalent to 20 nuclear power plants by 2040, targeting up to 50% renewable energy in its electricity mix. Major subsidies are being provided to Sekisui Chemical, which has developed a robust sealing resin to protect the cells.
Artificial Photosynthesis for Carbon Reduction
NTT Corporation has developed an artificial photosynthetic device that combines a semiconductor photocatalyst using solar energy with a metal catalyst to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) as an electrode. This device achieved the world's longest continuous carbon fixation for 350 hours, converting CO₂ into carbon monoxide and formic acid. The cumulative amount of carbon fixed per unit area reached 420 grams per square meter, equivalent to more CO₂ than a single tree fixes per square meter in about one year. This technology contributes to climate change mitigation and the realization of a sustainable society.
International Collaboration on Carbon Capture
Electric Power Development (J-Power) of Japan has formed a strategic partnership with Australian carbon capture and storage developers, deepC Store and Azuli. The collaboration aims to commercialize a project that captures carbon dioxide emissions from Japan, Australia, and nearby regions, storing the CO₂ in Australia. The partnership plans to develop a full value chain project, receiving liquefied CO₂ at locations in Japan, Australia, and the surrounding region, and transporting it by ship to floating storage and injection facilities in Australian waters.
These initiatives underscore Japan's commitment to advancing renewable energy technologies and collaborating internationally to address climate change challenges.