On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched its Shenzhou-19 mission, sending three astronauts to the Tiangong space station. This mission aims to advance research in the construction of extraterrestrial habitats, particularly on the Moon.
Under the command of 48-year-old Cai Xuzhe, the crew includes Song Lingdong, a former air force pilot on his first spaceflight, and Wang Haoze, the third Chinese woman to reach space. Their journey began at 4:27 AM local time, with a Long March 2F rocket lifting off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
During their time in orbit, the astronauts will conduct 86 experiments across various fields, including life sciences, material science, fundamental physics, microgravity studies, and medicine. One notable experiment involves testing bricks made from simulated lunar soil, which will be exposed to the harsh conditions of space. Successful results could indicate that these bricks are viable for constructing habitats on the Moon, reducing the need to transport materials from Earth.
Chinese authorities have set ambitious goals for lunar exploration, aiming to establish a permanent research base by 2035. The Shenzhou-19 mission plays a crucial role in accumulating valuable experience for long-duration crewed missions and enhancing operational capabilities aboard the Tiangong station.
As part of this ongoing initiative, the astronauts will receive lunar soil-simulated bricks through the Tianzhou-8 cargo spacecraft, scheduled to dock with Tiangong in November. This initiative not only underscores China's commitment to advancing its space program but also its determination to contribute to humanity's understanding of extraterrestrial living conditions.
With the Tiangong station expected to operate for a decade, the research conducted during this mission may pave the way for future lunar missions and the potential colonization of other celestial bodies.