Cats have lived alongside humans for centuries, retaining many of their wild instincts. This means behaviors like licking their owners are often rooted in their ancestral heritage. Veterinarian Carlos Gutiérrez explains that feline licking is a complex behavior with several accepted theories. One primary reason is linked to kittenhood, where mothers groom their kittens to foster a strong bond. When a cat licks its human, it can be a continuation of this instinct, signifying trust and affection within their perceived social group.
Curiosity also plays a role, as a cat's skin might be appealing due to the salty taste of sweat or residues from lotions and other products. This exploration is driven by their innate inquisitiveness. Licking can also serve as a self-soothing mechanism; in moments of insecurity or stress, cats may lick themselves or their caregivers for comfort, especially in unfamiliar or anxiety-inducing environments. Furthermore, licking is a vital social behavior that reinforces bonds, mirroring other bonding behaviors like kneading, which also originates from kittenhood experiences. This allogrooming, or mutual grooming, helps establish a shared scent, creating a sense of community. Research indicates that cats dedicate a significant portion of their waking hours to grooming, with some estimates suggesting up to 8% of their time is spent on this activity. This natural inclination extends to human companions as a way to express affection, build trust, and reinforce social connections, communicating a sense of belonging and contentment.