The lack of physical exercise among children is now considered one of the most significant health risks they face. The increase in sedentary lifestyles, driven by greater use of electronic devices and changes in lifestyle, has led to a range of health issues affecting not only children’s physical well-being but also their cognitive development.
The issue was discussed by Dr. Andreas Flouris, a professor of Physiology at the University of Thessaly and consultant for the World Health Organization. He stated, “Reduced physical activity in children has been linked to rising rates of childhood obesity, as well as chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. These problems not only impact children's health in the present but also increase the likelihood of developing heart disease, strokes, and other non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Furthermore, a lack of exercise is associated with mental health issues, including low self-esteem, difficulties in concentration, and a higher risk of anxiety and depression.”
Dr. Flouris continued, explaining that “regular physical exercise is not just a means of preventing these problems but is also a crucial factor for improving overall health and development in children. Exercise enhances cardiovascular function, promotes muscle and bone growth, and improves metabolic processes. Beyond physical benefits, physical activity also boosts cognitive functions and mental health, enhancing learning capacity and concentration, as demonstrated by numerous studies from our laboratory at the University of Thessaly. Additionally, a recent study from the University of British Columbia in Canada showed that physical activity enhances the function of the hippocampus, a brain region associated with memory and learning.”
“Incorporating physical exercise into children's daily routines,” Dr. Flouris explained, “is not merely a health issue but a prerequisite for their social and academic development. Numerous studies have shown that students who are more physically active perform better in school, have higher self-confidence, and maintain better psychological balance. Moreover, physical activity helps prevent issues such as school violence and bullying, as it promotes teamwork and self-discipline. These are pressing issues within Greek society that could be effectively addressed by enhancing our children’s physical activity.”
Dr. Flouris emphasized that “promoting physical activity in children must be a priority for both educational systems and families. It is essential to create appropriate infrastructures and programs that encourage children to exercise daily. According to international guidelines, at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day is necessary to maintain children's health and well-being.”
He further stated, “These activities should include exercises that strengthen the heart, muscles, and bones.” Dr. Flouris concluded by asserting that “investing in children's physical activity today is an investment in the future of our society. Cultivating a lifestyle based on movement and exercise will help children grow up healthy, balanced, and capable of facing future challenges. Therefore, physical exercise should not be viewed as a luxury but as a vital prerequisite for healthy development in children. Its absence burdens not only their health but society as a whole, as it increases healthcare costs and reduces overall well-being. Thus, it is our collective duty to encourage physical exercise and create an environment that fosters movement and activity.”