In a remarkable find near the Solomon Islands, researchers from the National Geographic Society’s Pristine Seas team have discovered the world’s largest independent coral, a colossal specimen measuring approximately 34 meters wide, 32 meters long, and 6 meters high. This giant coral, which dwarfs the previously largest known coral in American Samoa, dubbed Big Momma, serves as a critical habitat for numerous marine species.
Marine ecologist Molly Timmers described the newly discovered coral as resembling melting ice cream spreading endlessly across the ocean floor. The coral, identified as Pavona clavus, is estimated to be home to nearly one billion coral polyps, tiny creatures that build rigid calcium carbonate skeletons.
Eric Brown, a coral researcher, emphasized the significance of coral reef ecosystems, which cover only about 0.2% of the ocean's surface yet host over 25% of the planet's marine species. The discovery highlights the importance of protecting these vital environments, especially as coral reefs worldwide face threats from ocean acidification, pollution, and bleaching.
Discovered serendipitously by underwater cameraman Manu San Félix just before the team was set to leave the site, the coral’s record dimensions were confirmed after careful measurements. Researchers estimate its age to be between 300 and 500 years, potentially providing valuable insights into environmental conditions over centuries.
While this newly found coral appears healthy, the ongoing threats to coral reefs serve as a stark reminder of the urgent need for conservation efforts. Brown stated, “We must do everything we can to protect these small yet powerful ecosystems.”