Carbon dioxide's role in shaping ocean island basalts

Scientists have discovered that carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a crucial role in the formation of ocean island basalts (OIBs). This finding provides valuable insights into how the chemical composition of magma evolves beneath ocean islands. Researchers conducted experiments to simulate the crystallization of picritic magmas under high-pressure conditions, mirroring those found deep within the Earth. Their findings reveal that the presence of CO2 significantly alters the crystallization process of these magmas. Specifically, the presence of CO2 leads to magmas with lower silica content and a higher concentration of iron oxide. This chemical profile aligns with the characteristics observed in alkalic OIBs. This research underscores the importance of CO2 in deciphering the chemical intricacies of these volcanic formations.