October 14, 2024, Argentina - Geothermal energy utilizes heat generated by the radioactive decay of minerals beneath the Earth's crust. This heat is found in underground reservoirs of water and steam, which can be tapped through deep drilling to generate electricity.
Geothermal energy offers a continuous power generation capability, unlike solar or wind energy, making it a stable option for Argentina's energy transition.
Currently, Argentina has seven geothermal projects located in geologically favorable areas such as Puna, Cuyo, and northern Patagonia, with an estimated potential of 300 MW expected to come online in the coming years.
One advanced project is the Copahue Volcano in Neuquén, which could generate 30 MW in its first phase. Despite facing local resistance, authorities are working to ensure social acceptance and continue construction.
Another significant project is at the Domuyo Volcano, also in Neuquén, with a potential of up to 100 MW and currently in the technical pre-feasibility phase. Overcoming existing challenges could lead to a milestone in the country’s energy transition.
Despite its potential, geothermal development in Argentina faces obstacles. High initial exploration and drilling costs have limited private investor participation. To mitigate this, the Argentine Geological Mining Service (Segemar) has initiated studies aimed at reducing investment risks.
Social acceptance remains a challenge, as seen with the Copahue Volcano project, where local community opposition has slowed progress. However, with an appropriate strategy, it is anticipated that these issues can be resolved, allowing geothermal energy to gain traction in the country.
Geothermal energy presents a significant opportunity for Argentina on its path to energy sustainability. If investment and social acceptance challenges are overcome, this renewable source could play a crucial role in reducing fossil fuel dependency and fostering economic development in remote regions.