The plight of the Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans), a species native to the Indian subcontinent, has drawn urgent attention due to its increasing vulnerability from illegal wildlife trafficking. These striking tortoises, known for their obsidian shells and star-patterned designs, are not only popular as exotic pets but are also protected under international law.
Recent reports indicate that hundreds of Indian star tortoises have been seized from smugglers at Chennai and Singapore airports and along the India-Bangladesh border this year alone. Despite being illegal to own in India, the demand for these tortoises has led to their entanglement in one of the largest global wildlife trafficking networks.
In response to the crisis, researchers from the Wildlife Institute of India and Panjab University conducted a genetic study to understand the diversity and distribution of the species. Their findings revealed two genetically distinct groups: one in northwestern India and another in southern India. This genetic divergence is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies, as it highlights the need to avoid mixing populations during release efforts.
Wildlife biologist Sneha Dharwadkar emphasized the importance of public awareness regarding the legality of keeping certain species as pets. The study's authors believe their findings can aid both national and international agencies in evidence-based conservation efforts for the Indian star tortoise, ultimately aiming to restore its natural order in the wild.