Ghana has agreed to accept West African nationals deported from the United States, a development confirmed by President John Dramani Mahama. This arrangement aligns with the U.S. administration's intensified immigration enforcement policies, which include third-country removals. The first group of 14 individuals, comprising Nigerians and one Gambian, has already arrived in Ghana and is being assisted in their return to their respective home countries.
President Mahama stated that Ghana's decision is rooted in its commitment to regional cooperation and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) protocol on free movement. This protocol allows citizens of member states to enter and reside in other ECOWAS countries without a visa for up to 90 days, simplifying the process for these deportees. Ghana joins other African nations such as Rwanda, Eswatini, and South Sudan that have entered into similar agreements with the U.S. for accepting deportees.
The U.S. administration, under President Donald Trump, has been increasing deportation efforts, seeking third-country solutions for migrants who cannot be easily deported to their home nations. This policy has drawn criticism from human rights advocates concerned about the potential dangers and uncertain conditions for deportees in transit countries. While Ghana's government emphasizes its role as a temporary transit hub, ensuring humane treatment and facilitating onward travel, the broader implications of these agreements are under discussion.
Ghana's participation occurs amidst a complex diplomatic landscape, with reports of recent trade tariffs and visa restrictions affecting Ghana-U.S. relations. Despite these challenges, President Mahama has characterized the bilateral relationship as remaining positive, noting that ties are "tightening." This development highlights the intricate balance African nations are navigating with evolving global migration policies. Other West African nations, such as Nigeria, have expressed strong opposition to similar U.S. overtures, citing national security and economic concerns.
The U.S. has previously deported Ghanaian nationals, with approximately 94 Ghanaians deported in 2024 and 188 identified on a deportation list in mid-2025. This underscores existing migratory flows and U.S. enforcement actions affecting the Ghanaian diaspora. Ghana's approach, utilizing regional protocols to manage international deportations, offers a unique model within the broader context of U.S. immigration enforcement strategies across the continent.