NASA and the Smithsonian Institution are collaborating in 2025 to use changes in tree leaves as an early warning system for volcanic eruptions. This innovative approach uses satellite data to detect subtle changes in vegetation that could indicate volcanic unrest.
As magma rises, it releases carbon dioxide, which can cause nearby trees to become greener and more lush. NASA satellites, such as Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2, along with airborne instruments, can detect these changes. Scientists analyze the spectral signatures of tree leaves from space to identify variations that may signal an impending eruption.
Volcanic eruptions pose significant risks, making early detection crucial for public safety. By monitoring vegetation, scientists aim to improve the speed and accuracy of volcanic eruption predictions. This method complements existing volcanic monitoring techniques, offering a new tool for observing potentially dangerous volcanoes, especially those in remote locations.