Astronomers have observed a dramatic cosmic event: a 'cosmic joust' between two galaxies located 11 billion light-years away. This galactic merger, occurring at speeds of over 500 kilometers per second, offers a unique glimpse into the early universe.
The 'cosmic joust' involves a quasar, a galaxy with an active galactic nucleus powered by a supermassive black hole, blasting radiation at its companion galaxy. This radiation disrupts the companion's gas and dust clouds, potentially halting star formation in those regions. The study, led by researchers from the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, highlights the violent nature of galaxy interactions in the early universe.
The research focused on the quasar J 012555.11-012925.00. Scientists used the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and the European Southern Observatory's X-shooter spectrograph to analyze the interaction. These instruments provided detailed insights into the damage inflicted by the quasar's radiation.
The quasar is not only radiating but also consuming material from its jousting partner, feeding its supermassive black hole. This process contrasts with other galaxy mergers, where collisions often trigger intense star formation. This study underscores the destructive role that quasars can play in galactic evolution.
The findings provide valuable insights into the early universe, where galaxy mergers were more frequent. Future observations with advanced telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope promise to reveal more details about these early cosmic battles and the formation of galaxies.