Poland is set to embark on a new chapter in its energy strategy with the commencement of construction for its first small modular nuclear reactor (SMR) in Włocławek. This significant development, spearheaded by a partnership between state-controlled energy giant Orlen and Synthos Green Energy, represents a pivotal moment in the nation's commitment to transitioning away from coal towards more sustainable energy sources.
The joint venture, known as Orlen Synthos Green Energy (OSGE) with equal 50% stakes, has selected GE Vernova's advanced BWRX-300 reactor technology for this pioneering project. Włocławek was chosen after a thorough evaluation of six potential sites, highlighting a meticulous approach to site selection. This decision positions Poland as a leader in adopting cutting-edge nuclear technology in Europe, with the BWRX-300 slated to be the first of its kind deployed on the continent.
Orlen's CEO, Ireneusz Fąfara, emphasized the forward-looking nature of this initiative, stating, "We are building the energy of tomorrow." The company's ambitious roadmap includes having at least two SMRs operational by 2035, contributing approximately 0.6 gigawatts of power. This is a crucial step towards reducing Poland's reliance on fossil fuels and curbing carbon emissions.
The BWRX-300 reactor boasts a 300 MWe capacity, a water-cooled, natural circulation design, and integrated passive safety systems. It is built upon the robust design and licensing basis of GE Vernova's U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission-certified ESBWR boiling water reactor. This combination of established technology and innovative engineering aims to provide a dependable, carbon-free baseload power source.
Beyond its energy implications, the Włocławek SMR project is expected to be a significant economic catalyst for the region, creating numerous local jobs and stimulating economic growth. This initiative aligns with Poland's broader strategy to modernize its energy infrastructure and meet stringent European Union climate targets, serving as a precedent for other European nations exploring SMR deployment.
Poland's energy sector is undergoing a profound transformation, with coal still a significant contributor to electricity generation, though its share is steadily declining. The nation's commitment to a cleaner energy future is further demonstrated by substantial investments in renewable energy sources, nuclear power, and green hydrogen, often supported by EU funding. The BWRX-300 technology, developed by GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, is an evolution of proven reactor designs and is being considered or deployed in countries like Canada and the United States, placing Poland at the vanguard of global SMR adoption.
The economic advantages of this project are notable, with the estimated cost per megawatt-hour for SMR-generated electricity projected to be approximately 30% lower than that of gas-fired power plants. Furthermore, each 300 MWe SMR unit has the potential to offset between 0.3 to 2 million tonnes of carbon dioxide annually, depending on the displaced fuel source, underscoring its substantial environmental benefits. This strategic move towards SMRs is integral to Poland's pursuit of energy security and sustainability, aiming to establish a more resilient and diversified energy portfolio for the nation and the wider region.