December 3, 2024 - Global
Hydropower remains the largest renewable energy source, crucial for grid stability. Unlike solar and wind, hydropower can be activated on demand, making it essential for large-scale electrical energy storage through pumped storage. However, aging infrastructure and regulatory changes pose challenges.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a solution, with the energy sector projected to reach a value of $13 billion. In hydropower, AI enhances water management and maintenance, shifting from reactive to proactive operations. This transformation allows for better efficiency and increased power generation from existing water resources.
Smart hydropower plants integrate AI, IoT, and big data for improved operations. AI algorithms analyze historical weather patterns and real-time data from advanced sensors on turbines, predicting malfunctions and optimizing maintenance schedules. This predictive capability helps mitigate risks associated with extreme weather events and ensures efficient water flow management.
Wolfgang Hofbauer, an IEC expert, notes that AI can identify potential threats to power supply by analyzing data deviations. Despite its benefits, widespread AI adoption in hydropower is cautious due to cybersecurity concerns. The rise of cyber attacks, particularly since 2018, highlights vulnerabilities in hydro plants, as seen in incidents involving Hydro-Québec and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.
International standards like IEC 62443 and ISO/IEC 27019 address cybersecurity challenges in the energy sector, ensuring robust security measures. IEC/IEEE 63198-2775 provides technical guidelines for smart hydropower plants, enhancing their interaction with smart grids. The IECEE certification program further supports the integration of new technologies in hydropower, vital for achieving net-zero targets.