A team of chemists at Virginia Tech, led by Feng Lin and Louis Madsen, has developed a novel imaging technique to observe battery interfaces. The discovery, published in *Nature Nanotechnology* on April 1, allows researchers to peer inside operating batteries, offering insights into the complex chemical reactions occurring within.
Jungki Min, a chemistry graduate student, explained the significance of the research, stating that there are major, longstanding challenges at the interfaces, and the team is always trying to gain better control over these buried surfaces. The team's breakthrough occurred while examining a new electrolyte material formulation.
Electrolytes, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, facilitate the movement of charged particles during battery charging and discharging. The ideal electrolyte material is crucial for developing high-energy, long-lasting batteries capable of withstanding extreme temperatures. This is particularly important for advancements in electric vehicles, appliances, and AI-powered technologies.
Lin and Madsen have been investigating multiphase polymer electrolytes, which offer the potential for increased energy storage, enhanced safety, and reduced costs compared to conventional batteries. Their research focuses on a molecular ionic composite electrolyte discovered in 2015.
Using Brookhaven National Laboratory's tender energy X-ray beam line, the team identified the source of interface issues: degradation of the architectural support system during battery cycling, ultimately leading to failure. This new imaging technique will enable researchers to analyze the structure and chemical reactions of buried interfaces, guiding the design of better interfaces and interphases in solid polymer batteries.