The Centre for Genetic Resources (CGN) in the Netherlands is actively preserving the European dark bee (*Apis mellifera mellifera*), the country's only native bee species. This initiative underscores the critical role of conserving genetic diversity for maintaining ecological balance and ensuring agricultural resilience.
Unlike foreign honeybee subspecies, the European dark bee is indigenous to a region spanning from France to Russia. Once common, its population declined following the introduction of other breeds like the Carniolan and Buckfast bees in the 19th century. Today, only a small percentage of bee colonies in the Netherlands consist of the European dark bee.
The CGN maintains a genetic material repository, including that of the European dark bee, to safeguard biological heritage. The bee's unique DNA is vital for pollinating indigenous flora. Collaborating with various organizations, the CGN focuses on identifying and preserving pure dark bee colonies, particularly on the island of Texel, where conservation efforts have been underway for 40 years. Researchers collect larvae for genetic analysis to assess the purity and diversity of the Texel bee population and are developing a protocol for freezing bee sperm to ensure the long-term preservation of this important species. In spring 2025, researchers traveled to Texel to gather sperm from selected colonies. This project highlights the increasing recognition of nature-inclusive agriculture and the significance of native species in maintaining sustainable ecosystems.