Understanding hidden ecosystems helps protect vital water resources.
Researchers have discovered at least four new crustacean species in the aquifers of Montalbo, Sardinia. The team from the University of Brussels and Phreatic association used DNA analysis to study the underground waters. This innovative approach reveals the biodiversity of these hidden ecosystems.
The new shrimp-like crustaceans, found in the Sa Conca 'e Locoli cave, are blind and whitish. The largest is 2 cm long, while the smallest is under 1 mm. To honor the region, the two largest will be named montisalbi and tepilorae. This will immortalize the Sardinian territories in scientific literature.
The project used 'metabarcoding,' an innovative DNA analysis technique, to define the aquifer's ecosystem. This method identifies bacteria, fungi, and animals, revealing their interactions. The techniques are now a standard for the European Biodiversa+ Sub-BioMon project. They will be applied in caves across Europe, creating a monitoring network.
Francesco Murgia highlighted the importance of this study for the MaB Unesco Reserve. Fabio Stoch noted that Sardinia is pioneering new research on groundwater. Andrea Marassich emphasized the complexity and advanced techniques used in the cave exploration. This project serves as a European reference for similar studies in complex karst environments.
Discovering and understanding these new species and their environment is crucial. It provides essential knowledge for managing and protecting vital groundwater resources. This is especially important in the face of climate change.