In 2000, the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) discovered a potential submerged city in the Gulf of Khambhat off the coast of western India during routine pollution surveys. Using sonar technology, they identified geometric structures on the seabed, suggesting a well-organized urban settlement.
The city, located 120 feet underwater, spans approximately 5 miles in length and 2 miles in width. Artifacts recovered include pottery, beads, sculptures, and human remains. Carbon dating of these artifacts indicates they are approximately 9,500 years old, potentially predating the Indus Valley Civilization.
The discovery sparks debate among experts, challenging existing timelines of human civilization. Some suggest it represents a previously unknown advanced culture, while others remain skeptical, citing strong tidal currents in the area. As of May 2025, the site continues to be a subject of ongoing research and discussion.