The Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) has updated its global ocean salinity profiles database, CODC-S, in 2025. This database now includes an expanded collection of in-situ salinity profiles gathered from 1940 to 2023, totaling over 11 million data points.
These data were obtained using a variety of instruments and rigorously quality-controlled using the CODC-QC-S, an advanced automated system featuring 11 distinct quality checks. The CODC-QC-S system enhances accuracy by applying time-varying, flow-dependent, and topographical-dependent thresholds to define local climatology salinity ranges without assuming a Gaussian distribution.
Evaluations and comparisons with benchmark data confirm the reliability of the CODC-S database and its QC algorithm. Analyses of long-term salinity changes further validate the salinity data, making the database a valuable resource for research on water cycle changes and freshwater transports.