YOGYAKARTA -- December 11 marks International Mountain Day, a significant occasion that emphasizes the crucial role of mountains in sustaining human life, ecosystems, and the planet's sustainability. Established by the United Nations in 2003, this day aims to raise awareness about the importance of mountainous regions.
The observance seeks to enhance global knowledge regarding mountains' contributions to water, food, and energy supplies. Furthermore, it encourages the sustainability of mountain ecosystems, which are vulnerable to climate change and human activities.
Mountains cover about 22% of the Earth's surface and are home to approximately 13% of the global population. They store 60-80% of the world's freshwater, making them vital for sustaining life.
However, mountains face various challenges, including human encroachment, climate change, and environmental pollution. Global warming is causing glaciers to melt, threatening water resources in lower regions.
Mountains are also biodiversity hotspots, hosting many endemic species and providing essential habitats for flora and fauna unique to these areas.
Indigenous communities residing in mountainous regions possess rich and unique cultures and traditions. Additionally, these areas hold significant historical and archaeological heritage sites.
Mountain communities often encounter economic and social challenges, such as limited access to education and healthcare. While mountain tourism can offer economic opportunities, it must be managed sustainably.
International cooperation is crucial for the sustainable management and protection of mountain natural resources. Developing policies that support conservation and the well-being of mountain communities is essential.
Mountains play a vital role in mitigating climate change through carbon storage and local climate regulation, moderating weather patterns on a regional scale.
Participation from various institutions, NGOs, and governments is vital for preserving mountains. Programs and activities are underway to raise awareness about the values and challenges faced by these regions.
Continuous efforts are necessary to protect and maintain the ecological, social, and economic functions of mountains. A commitment to ensuring sustainability and the welfare of communities dependent on mountains is paramount.
By celebrating International Mountain Day, there is hope for increased attention, action, and commitment from various stakeholders to preserve and protect mountainous areas for the benefit of current and future generations. It is also a time to appreciate the natural beauty and cultural richness provided by mountains worldwide.