Kilauea's 36th Eruptive Episode Begins, Showing Moderated Lava Fountains

The Kilauea volcano on Hawai'i's Big Island has entered a new phase of activity, marking its 36th distinct eruptive episode since the current cycle began on December 23, 2024. This latest event commenced on November 9, 2025, featuring dramatic lava fountains erupting from both the north and south vents within the Halemaʻumaʻu crater. These incandescent plumes reached heights of up to 150 meters, a notable but moderated display compared to previous bursts that have previously soared over 300 meters high.

Leading up to this eruption, monitoring agencies detected clear signs of increasing subsurface pressure. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) confirmed on November 7, 2025, that increased gas overpressure events, specifically characterized by "gas-pistoning," signaled the imminent arrival of episode 36. The USGS also cited the renewal of lava overflows at the north vent as a key indicator confirming the transition to this new eruptive phase.

Despite the raw geological power on display, the immediate impact on human life and property has been minimal, with no reports of injury or damage to residences. Authorities, however, are maintaining a posture of caution. They strongly advise both residents and visitors to keep a respectful distance due to inherent risks associated with volcanic gas emissions and fine ashfall, emphasizing that public safety remains paramount.

Kilauea remains one of the most intensely scrutinized geological sites globally. Its continuous activity, particularly along the east rift zone since 1983, has fundamentally reshaped sections of the island's coastline over time. Geological records indicate that Kilauea has experienced at least one hundred confirmed eruptive events over the last ten millennia, with over seventy documented since the 1800s, underscoring its status as a perpetually active volcano.