Aiguamolls de l'Empordà: A Vital Haven for Migratory Birds

The Parc Natural dels Aiguamolls de l'Empordà in Catalonia, a sprawling wetland sanctuary covering over 4,700 hectares, is currently experiencing its peak autumn migration. This crucial stopover point between Africa and Europe hosts thousands of migratory birds annually, offering them essential food, shelter, and rest during their arduous journeys.

With a recorded 330 bird species, the park is a renowned destination for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts. Its diverse habitats, including lagoons, dunes, and marshes, support a rich ecosystem that also shelters Camargue horses, otters, and deer. The park's strategic location at the mouths of the Fluvià and Muga rivers makes it a critical resting area for birds before or after navigating the Pyrenees mountains.

During periods of strong northern winds, known as the 'Tramuntana,' the park's marshlands become even more vital, providing refuge for birds seeking shelter from adverse weather. This natural buffer zone, recognized as one of Catalonia's most significant wetlands, second only to the Ebro Delta, plays a key role in water regulation and flood protection.

Commonly sighted species include flamingos, white storks, herons, marsh harriers, and various birds of prey. During migration seasons, the park temporarily hosts species such as the Caspian tern, Eurasian dotterel, and Western yellow wagtail. Beyond avian life, the park is home to otters, fallow deer, wild boars, and a variety of reptiles and amphibians, with conservation efforts successfully reintroducing species like the purple swamphen and the otter.

Established in 1983 following a successful campaign to protect the area from development, the Parc Natural dels Aiguamolls de l'Empordà comprises three integral reserve areas: Les Llaunes, Els Estanys, and Illa de Caramany. The park facilitates wildlife observation through a network of trails and viewpoints, including seven hides and one tower, with some trails accessible to wheelchairs.

The park's commitment to environmental education is exemplified by its information center, El Cortalet, which offers exhibitions and workshops designed to foster a deeper appreciation for the natural world. These conservation efforts ensure that future generations can continue to witness the spectacular natural phenomenon of bird migration at this vital sanctuary.