Research stemming from Colombia's 'Centenarios Project,' led by the University of the Coast (CUC), is shedding light on the factors contributing to exceptional longevity. The initiative has identified specific regions and lifestyle patterns associated with individuals reaching 100 years and beyond, offering a unique perspective on healthy aging.
A comprehensive biodemographic analysis has pinpointed municipalities across Colombia with a higher concentration of centenarians. These areas are frequently characterized by their tranquil, rural settings, abundant natural elements such as vegetation, agricultural lands, forests, and water bodies. This suggests a potential link between natural surroundings and extended lifespans. Notably, recent studies have highlighted geographical clusters of individuals aged 95 and older in departments like Antioquia and Bogotá. Further detailed analysis at the municipal level has identified specific areas, including La Celia (Risaralda) and Ciudad Bolívar (Antioquia), as having notably high per capita rates of centenarians.
The Centenarios Project is undertaking an in-depth examination of the clinical, biological, and anthropological profiles of these centenarians. This includes a detailed study of their daily routines, dietary habits, functional and cognitive capabilities, and immune system health. The ultimate goal is to translate these findings into actionable public policies aimed at promoting healthy aging throughout the population.
Globally, research into centenarians, often drawing parallels with studies of 'Blue Zones'—regions known for a high prevalence of individuals living to 100 and beyond—consistently identifies a convergence of factors. These typically encompass plant-based diets, regular physical activity, strong social connections, and a generally lower-stress lifestyle. While the Colombian project focuses on specific national characteristics, these broader themes of healthy living appear to be universally relevant across different cultures and geographies. The investigation into these factors is crucial for developing strategies that not only support a longer life but also a more vibrant and fulfilling one.