A comprehensive study by Professor Muzaffer Ali Shahmiri, former Vice Chancellor of Dr. Abdul Haq University in Kurnool, has highlighted the profound and universal nature of metaphorical language within the Quran. Professor Shahmiri, after dedicating over 25 years to this research, has identified a record 156 distinct metaphors, presenting a new perspective on the text's enduring relevance.
These metaphors are presented not merely as decorative elements but as crucial conduits for conveying spiritual truths, making abstract concepts accessible to a wide audience. The Quran frequently uses 'light' to symbolize guidance and 'darkness' to represent deviation from the righteous path. Professor Shahmiri's research emphasizes that, unlike metaphors in other literary traditions which can be culturally specific, Quranic metaphors are rooted in universally shared human experiences. This inherent universality allows the Quran's message to transcend linguistic, cultural, and geographical boundaries.
Examples such as "He brings them out of darkness into light" (Quran 2:257) and the description of fetal development as being "in a triple darkness" (Quran 39:6) resonate across diverse populations and historical periods. This capacity for universal connection underscores the Quran's timeless appeal and its ability to foster understanding across different walks of life.
Professor Shahmiri's meticulous research, which will be detailed in his forthcoming book, "Qurani Iste'aron Ki Fanni Azmat ke Asraat Urdu Aur Farsi Adab Par," categorizes these metaphors into 13 distinct groups. His academic journey into this subject began in 1992 with a re-evaluation of the word 'struck' in Surah Kahaf (18:11), revealing how Quranic metaphors often evolve beyond their literal meanings to acquire deeper, more nuanced connotations. This comprehensive study effectively bridges the fields of linguistics and spirituality, offering readers a richer appreciation of the Quran's enduring message and its profound capacity to shape thought and guide action across centuries. The research highlights that metaphors in the Quran are essential for making abstract spiritual concepts tangible and memorable, thereby enhancing comprehension and connection with the text. Scholars note that such figurative language is crucial for conveying divine messages and making them accessible across different cultures and time periods, reinforcing the idea that universal themes are a common thread in religious texts worldwide.